How to control laser when it cut woods

September 28, 2019

The use of laser cutting wood has the advantages of high precision, narrow slit, fast speed and smooth cutting surface. However, since the laser focusing energy melts the wood, there is blackening during the cutting process, that is, the edge of the cutting is carbonized. Today, the laser application of Leiyu Laser is a small expert and everyone talks about how to reduce or even avoid this situation.

The first thing to explain is that if you cut a thicker wooden board, it is very difficult to not black, and after my test, the template cutting of 5MM thickness can be done less black, and more than 5MM It depends on the situation. Let's talk about what to do in order to make the laser cutting wood not black:

Everyone knows that to avoid the carbonization effect of laser cutting, it is correct to use high speed and low power, but some are misunderstood. They think that the faster the better, the lower the power, the better. In order to reduce blackening, use multiple cuts with fast and low power. This is very bad, the carbonization effect may be darker than usual.

激光切割木头如何不发黑

Our low power and speed must be guaranteed to cut through the wood at one time. The faster the better, the lower the power, the better. If the power reduction requires multiple cuts, the carbonization phenomenon is actually more serious. Because the part that has been cut through will be burned twice, the more the cut, the more serious the carbonization.

激光切割木头如何不发黑

The first cut through was burned once again during the second cut. And the other part, because it was not cut through for the first time, it was not so black.

Therefore, the first thing to note is that it is necessary to ensure that it is processed in one process, not secondary processing, to avoid secondary damage.

The speed is fast and the power is low. The faster the speed, the harder it is to cut through. The smaller the power, the harder it is to cut through. We have to prioritize between the two. According to my experience, speed is more important than low power. With a larger power, try to cut the speed as quickly as possible. Of course, this needs to be tested to get the best value. Below is the better data I tested with my Nova35 laser cutting machine -80W.

Cutting 3 mm of glued wood, I use 55% power and 45mm/s speed.

激光切割木头如何不发黑

It can be seen that under this parameter, there is basically no blackening.

激光切割木头如何不发黑

I cut a 2 mm plywood with 40% power and 45mm/s speed.

激光切割木头如何不发黑

I cut 6mm plywood with 65% power and 20mm/s speed.

激光切割木头如何不发黑

The 5MM board has started to get dark, but the situation is still good, and the hand is still not dirty.

And I tried the ultimate cutting thickness of this cutting machine, 18mm solid wood. Maximum power, turtle speed... (80watt is not practical, if you want to cut thick, you can buy a 130W tube, why not 150 I)

激光切割木头如何不发黑

It is already dark, and carbonization is very serious. How to deal with this situation, you can engage in a sand blasting machine spray...

激光切割木头如何不发黑

Of course, in addition to the impact of power speed on the black, there is another important factor, that is, blowing, cutting wood must be strong blowing, it is best to use high-power air compressor, because the blackening, yellowing another factor is, The gas produced by the cutting is blackened, and the blowing can assist the cutting to make cutting easier and prevent fire.

The experience of how laser cutting wood can avoid blackening is summarized here. This test data is not a limit number for reference only, and there is some redundancy. Because the experimental data can be faster and the power is lower, but one cut is not guaranteed. Because in the actual application, other factors should be considered: the unevenness of the platform, the focal length caused by uneven planks, the uneven material of the plywood, etc., so be careful not to cut with the limit value, it is probably the difference. Cut through a little.

If you find that blackening anyway, it may be a material problem, and the glue content of the plywood will also affect. It is also very important to find a suitable material.

Key points: To ensure a one-time cut through, use fast, low power, and use air compressor to assist in blowing.

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